Uninzi lwabanikazi beemoto zombane babandezeleka kakhulu xa befumana imozulu ebandayo, ekwabanqanda abathengi abaninzi abathandabuzayo ukuyeka izithuthi zamafutha ukuba bakhethe izithuthi zombane.
Nangona sonke sivuma ukuba kwixesha elibandayo, izithuthi zepetroli nazo ziya kuba neziphumo ezifanayo - ukuhla koluhlu, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha, kunye namaxesha amade amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu kunokubangela ukuba isithuthi sisilele ukuqalisa. Nangona kunjalo, inzuzo yoluhlu olude lwezithuthi zepetroli igubungela ezi ziphumo zingalunganga kwinqanaba elithile.
Ukongezelela, ngokungafaniyo ne-injini yemoto ye-fuel, eyenza ubushushu obukhulu benkunkuma ukufudumala i-cabin, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwemoto yombane yesithuthi sombane kuvelisa phantse akukho nkunkuma yokushisa. Ke ngoko, xa ubushushu be-ambient busezantsi, le yokugqibela idinga ukusebenzisa amandla ongezelelweyo ukufudumeza ukuze uqhube kakuhle. Oku kuthetha ilahleko engaphezulu yoluhlu lwe-EV.
Sinexhala ngenxa yezinto esingazaziyo. Ukuba sinolwazi olwaneleyo malunga neenqwelo zombane kwaye siqonde indlela yokusebenzisa amandla abo kwaye siphephe ubuthathaka babo ukuze basikhonze kakuhle, ngoko akufuneki sikhathazeke kwakhona. Sinokuyamkela ngokukhutheleyo.
Ngoku, makhe sixoxe ukuba imozulu ebandayo iyichaphazela njani naUluhlukwayeUkutshajayee-EVs, kwaye zeziphi iindlela ezisebenzayo esinokuzisebenzisa ukwenza buthathaka le miphumo.
Ukuqonda okuSebenzayo
Sizamile ukuza nezisombululo ezithile ngokwembono yomthengisi wezixhobo zokutshaja ezinokunciphisa ifuthe elibi lemozulu ebandayo.
- Okokuqala, musa ukuvumela inqanaba lebhetri yesithuthi sombane lehle ngaphantsi kwe-20%;
- Phatha ibhetri kwangaphambili ngokufudumeza phambi kokutshaja, sebenzisa izifudumezi zesihlalo kunye nevili lokuqhuba, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi bekhabhinethi yokufudumeza ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla;
- Zama ukuhlawula ngexesha lokufudumala kwemini;
- Kukhethwa ukuba uhlawule kwigaraji efudumeleyo, evalelweyo kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lokutshaja elibekwe kwi-70% -80%;
- Sebenzisa indawo yokupaka iiplagi ukuze imoto ikwazi ukutsala amandla kwitshaja yokufudumeza endaweni yokuba itye ibhetri;
- Qhuba ngononophelo oluthe kratya kwiindlela ezinomkhenkce, njengoko unokufuna ukuqhobosha rhoqo. Cinga ngokukhubaza i-braking yokuvuselela, ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kuxhomekeke kwisithuthi esithile kunye neemeko zokuqhuba;
- Tshaja ngoko nangoko emva kokupaka ukunciphisa ixesha lokufudumeza kwebhetri.
Ezinye Izinto Okumele Uzazi Ngaphambili
Iipakethi zebhetri ze-EV zibonelela ngamandla ngokusabela kweekhemikhali. Umsebenzi wale mpendulo ye-electrochemical, eyenzeka kwi-electrode / i-electrolyte interface echanekileyo kunye nengalunganga ihambelana nobushushu.
Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo. Iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi linyusa i-viscosity ye-electrolyte, linciphisa ukusabela kwibhetri, linyusa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri, kwaye lenza ukuhanjiswa kwentlawulo kucothise. I-electrochemical polarization reaction iqiniswe, ukuhanjiswa kwentlawulo kukungalingani, kwaye ukubunjwa kwe-lithium dendrites kukhuthazwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla asebenzayo ebhetri aya kuncitshiswa, oku kuthetha ukuba uluhlu luya kuncitshiswa. Ubushushu obuphantsi bukwachaphazela iimoto zamafutha, kodwa iimoto zombane zibonakala ngakumbi.
Nangona kwaziwa ukuba amaqondo okushisa aphantsi abangela ilahleko kuluhlu lokuhamba ngee-EVs, kusekho ukungafani phakathi kwezithuthi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokwezibalo zovavanyo lwemarike, ukugcinwa kwamandla ebhetri kuya kuhla nge-10% ukuya kwi-40% kwi-avareji kumaqondo aphantsi. Kuxhomekeke kwimodeli yemoto, ukubanda kangakanani imozulu, inkqubo yokufudumeza, kunye nezinto ezifana nokuqhuba nokutshaja.
Xa ubushushu bebhetri ye-EV iphantsi kakhulu, ayinakubizwa ngokufanelekileyo. Iimoto zombane ziya kuqala zisebenzise amandla egalelo ukufudumeza ibhetri kwaye ziqale ukutshaja okwenyani kuphela xa zifikelela kubushushu obuthile.
Kubanikazi be-EV, imozulu ebandayo ithetha uluhlu oluphantsi kunye nexesha elide lokutshaja. Ke ngoko, abanamava badla ngokuhlawulisa ubusuku bonke ngexesha elibandayo baze bafudumeze imoto ngaphambi kokuba ihambe.
IThekhnoloji yoLawulo lweThermal yee-EVs
Itekhnoloji yokulawula i-Thermal yezithuthi zombane ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwebhetri, uluhlu, kunye namava okuqhuba.
Owona msebenzi uphambili kukulawula ubushushu bebhetri ukuze ibhetri ikwazi ukusebenza okanye itshaje phakathi komgangatho wobushushu obufanelekileyo kwaye igcine iimeko zokusebenza ezisemagqabini. Qinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhetri, ubomi, kunye nokhuseleko, kunye nokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane ebusika okanye ehlotyeni.
Okwesibini, ukuphucula amava okuqhuba, ulawulo olusebenzayo lwe-thermal luya kunika abaqhubi ubushushu obuthe kratya kwikhabhinethi ehlotyeni nasebusika obubandayo, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Ngolwabiwo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo yokulawula ukushisa, iimfuno zokushisa kunye nokupholisa kwisekethe nganye zilungelelaniswa, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Iiteknoloji zangoku zolawulo lwe-thermal zibandakanyaI-PTC(I-Positive Temperature Coefficient) exhomekeke kwii-heaters zombane ezixhathisayo kunyeHyityaPumpitekhnoloji esebenzisa imijikelo ye-thermodynamic. Ukuphuhliswa kobu bugcisa bubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye namava okuqhuba.
Indlela imozulu ebandayo eyichaphazela ngayo i-EV Range
Ngeli xesha, wonke umntu unemvumelwano yokuba imozulu ebandayo iya kunciphisa uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zelahleko kuluhlu lwe-EV. Enye yiIlahleko yoluhlu lwexeshana, okuyilahleko yokwexeshana ebangelwa zizinto ezifana neqondo lobushushu, umhlaba, noxinzelelo lwamatayara. Nje ukuba iqondo lobushushu lifudumale libuyele kwiqondo lobushushu elichanekileyo, imayile elahlekileyo iya kubuya.
Omnye nguIlahleko yoluhlu olusisigxina. Ubudala besithuthi (ubomi bebhetri), imikhwa yokutshaja imihla ngemihla, kunye nokuziphatha kokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kuya kubangela ilahleko yoluhlu lwesithuthi, kwaye abanakubuya.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, imozulu ebandayo iya kunciphisa ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-EV. Ayizukunciphisa kuphela ukusebenza kweekhemikhali kwibhetri kwaye inciphise ukugcinwa kwamandla ebhetri, kodwa iya kunciphisa ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha ukusebenza kwebhetri. Ukuxhathisa kwebhetri kuyenyuka kwaye amandla ayo okubuyisela amandla ayancipha.
Ngokungafaniyo neemoto zamafutha, iimoto zombane kufuneka zitye amandla ebhetri kwaye zivelise ubushushu ukufudumeza ikhabhinethi kunye nokufudumeza ibhetri, oko kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngemayile nganye kunye nokunciphisa uluhlu. Ngeli xesha, ilahleko yokwexeshana, ungakhathazeki kakhulu, njengoko iya kubuya.
I-polarization yebhetri ekhankanywe ngasentla iya kubangela i-lithium precipitation kwi-electrode kunye nokwakheka kwe-lithium dendrites, okuya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwebhetri, ukunciphisa umthamo webhetri, kunye nemiba yokhuseleko. Ngeli xesha, ilahleko isisigxina.
Nokuba yeyokwexeshana okanye isigxina, ngokuqinisekileyo sifuna ukunciphisa umonakalo kangangoko sinako. Abenzi beemoto basebenza nzima ukuphendula ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Seta inkqubo yebhetri yokufudumeza kwangaphambili phambi kokumisa okanye ukutshaja
- Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokubuyisela amandla
- Lungiselela inkqubo yokufudumeza kwekhabhinethi
- Yandisa inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri yesithuthi
- Uyilo olulungelelanisiweyo lomzimba wemoto ngokuxhathisa okuncinci
Indlela imozulu ebandayo eyichaphazela ngayo i-EV yokutshaja
Kanye njengokuba kufuneka ubushushu obufanelekileyo ukuze kuguqulwe ukukhutshwa kwebhetri kube ngamandla ekhenetiki yesithuthi, ukutshaja okusebenzayo nako kufuneka kube phakathi komgangatho ofanelekileyo wobushushu.
Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu okanye aphantsi kakhulu aya konyusa ukuxhathisa kwebhetri, anciphise isantya sokutshaja, achaphazele ukusebenza kwebhetri, anciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja, kwaye abangele ixesha elide lokutshaja.
Phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi, ukujongwa kwebhetri kunye nemisebenzi yolawulo ye-BMS inokuba neempazamo okanye ingaphumeleli, icuthe ngakumbi ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo.
Iibhetri ezinobushushu obuphantsi zisenokungakwazi ukuhlawuliswa kwisigaba sokuqala, esifuna ukufudumeza iibhetri kwiqondo lokushisa elifanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukutshaja, enye into eyongeziweyo kwixesha lokutshaja.
Ngaphezu koko, iitshaja ezininzi zikwanazo nemida kwimozulu ebandayo kwaye azikwazi ukubonelela ngoku kunye nombane owaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokutshaja. Amacandelo abo angaphakathi e-elektroniki nawo aneemfuno ezifanelekileyo zobushushu bokusebenza. Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi anokunciphisa uzinzo kunye nokusebenza, okuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle.
Iintambo zokutshaja nazo zibonakala zichaphazeleka ngakumbi kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ngakumbi iintambo zetshaja zeDC. Zingqindilili kwaye zinzima, kwaye ukubanda kunokuzenza ziqine kwaye zingagobeki kubenze kube nzima ukuba abaqhubi be-EV basebenze.
Ngenxa yokuba iimeko ezininzi zokuhlala azinakuxhasa ukufakelwa kweTshaja yeKhaya yaBucala, itshaja ye-EV ephathekayo ye-Workersbee. I-FLEX ISHAJA 2iya kuba lukhetho oluhle.
Ingayitshaja yokuhamba esiqwini kodwa ibeyiTshaja yeKhaya yaBucala kubanini beemoto zombane. Inomzimba osisitayileyo nowomeleleyo, ukusebenza ngokulula kombane, kunye neentambo eziguquguqukayo zodidi oluphezulu, ezinokubonelela ngokutshaja okukrelekrele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7kw. Ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kokungangeni kwamanzi kunye nothuli kufikelela kwinqanaba lokhuseleko le-IP67, ukuze ungabi naxhala malunga nokusebenza kokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka nokuba kusetyenziswe ngaphandle.
Ukuba siqinisekile ukuba ukuguqulwa kwezithuthi zombane kulungile kwikamva lokusingqongileyo, imozulu, amandla, kunye nentlalontle yabantu, kwaye nokuba luncedo kwisizukulwana esilandelayo, ngoko ke nokwazi ukuba siya kujongana nale mingeni yemozulu ebandayo, kufuneka ngaphandle kwemigudu yokuyiphumeza.
Imozulu ebandayo ibeka imiceli mngeni emikhulu kuluhlu, ukutshaja, kunye nokungena kwimarike yezithuthi zombane. Kodwa i-Workersbee ijonge ngokunyanisekileyo ukusebenza kunye nabo bonke oovulindlela ukuze baxoxe ngokutsha kwetekhnoloji yolawulo lwe-thermal, ukuchuma kwendawo yokutshaja, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezisombululo ezahlukeneyo ezinokubakho. Sikholelwa ukuba imingeni iya koyiswa kwaye indlela eya kufakelo lombane oluzinzileyo iya kuba mde kwaye ibe banzi.
Sinelunda ukuxoxa kunye nokwabelana ngemibono ye-EV nawo onke amaqabane ethu kunye noovulindlela!
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-29-2024