Njengoko izithuthi zombane (EVs) ziqhubeka nokunyuka ekuthandeni, ukuqonda ukuba izikhululo zabo zokutshaja zisebenza njani kubaluleke kakhulu. Nokuba ungumnini omtsha we-EV okanye ishishini elicinga ngokufaka isikhululo sokutshaja, ukwazi ukuba ezi nkqubo zisebenza njani kunokukunceda wenze izigqibo ezizizo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza imigaqo yokusebenza yezikhululo zokutshaja izithuthi zombane, eziquka umahluko ophambili phakathi kokutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC, kunye nendlela itshaja enxibelelana ngayo nesithuthi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo.
Yintoni iSikhululo sokuTjaja isithuthi soMbane?
Isikhululo sokutshaja isithuthi sombane, esihlala sibizwa ngokuba yitshaja ye-EV, sisixhobo esibonelela ngamandla ombane kwibhetri ye-EV. Ezi zikhululo zibalulekile ekomelezeni izithuthi zombane kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke nezibucala. Ukwandisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja, ukuqonda indlela inkqubo yokutshaja isebenza ngayo kubalulekile.
I-AC vs. DC Ukutshaja: Uthini Umahluko?
Xa kufikwa kwi-EV yokutshaja, uhlobo lokusetyenziswa kwangoku ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwindlela ekhawuleza ngayo nangempumelelo isithuthi sihlawuliswa. Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokutshaja zitshintshana ngoku (AC) ukutshaja kunye nokutshaja okuthe ngqo (DC).
Ukutshaja kwe-AC:
Ukutshaja nge-AC yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokutshaja iimoto zombane, ngakumbi ezisetyenziselwa ekhaya. Kolu lungiselelo, itshaja ekwisithuthi sombane iguqula umsinga otshintshanayo (AC) ukusuka kwigridi yombane ukuya kumbane othe ngqo (DC) olungele ibhetri yesithuthi. Iitshaja ze-AC ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenza kumanqanaba asezantsi ombane (ngokuqhelekileyo yi-3.7 kW ukuya kwi-22 kW), nto leyo ethetha ukuba zikulungele ukutshaja ubusuku bonke okanye ixesha elide.
Ukutshaja kwe-DC:
Kwelinye icala, ukutshaja kwe-DC, okuhlala kubhekiselwa kuko njengokutshaja okukhawulezayo okanye ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC, kubonelela ngokuthe ngqo umbane we-DC kwibhetri yesithuthi. Ezi zikhululo zokutshaja ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngamaqondo ombane aphezulu kakhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo ama-50 kW ukuya kuma-350 kW), nto leyo evumela isithuthi ukuba sibize ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Itshaja zeDC zidlula kwitshaja ekwibhodi kwaye zinike amandla ngokuthe ngqo kwibhetri, inciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokutshaja. Ukutshaja kwe-DC kuxhaphake kakhulu kwizikhululo zorhwebo kunye nohola wendlela.
ZiNxibelelana Njani izikhululo zokuTjaja iSithuthi soMbane neSithuthi?
Unxibelelwano phakathi kwesikhululo sokutshaja i-EV kunye nesithuthi sibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kwamandla. Olu nxibelelwano luququzelelwa ngeeprothokholi ezenza ukuba ezi zixhobo zibini zitshintshiselane ngolwazi olubalulekileyo.
Indima yeeProtokholi zoNxibelelwano:
Iprotocol yonxibelelwano esetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-EVs ngumgangatho we-ISO 15118, oqinisekisa unxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo phakathi kweshaja kunye nesithuthi. Le protocol ivumela oku kulandelayo:
Ukujongwa kobume bebhetri: Isikhululo sokutshaja sinokubeka iliso kwimeko yebhetri yangoku kwaye silungelelanise unikezelo lwamandla ngokufanelekileyo.
Imilinganiselo yoKhuseleko: Isithuthi kunye netshaja ziyanxibelelana ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokutshaja ikhuselekile, ithintela imiba efana nokutshaja okanye ukufudumeza ngokugqithiseleyo.
Ukutshaja Okukhethwayo: Ezinye ii-EVs kunye neetshaja zinokunxibelelana nezinto ezikhethwayo ezifana nesantya sokutshaja okanye iindawo ezithile zokubeka ixesha lokutshaja, ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baphucule amava abo okutshaja.
Inkqubo yokuTjaja: Ukusuka kwiPlug-In ukuya kwiNtlawuliso epheleleyo
Xa i-EV iplagwe kwisikhululo sokutshaja, la manyathelo alandelayo ayenzeka:
Uqhagamshelo kunye nokuQalisa: Isikhululo sokutshaja siseka unxibelelwano kunye nesithuthi, siqinisekisa ukuba zombini iziphelo zilungele inkqubo yokutshaja. Itshaja iqinisekisa ukuba i-EV iyahambelana nemveliso yamandla yesikhululo sokutshaja.
Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla: Nje ukuba uqhagamshelo lusekiwe, itshaja iqala ukuhambisa umbane kwibhetri ye-EV. Izinga lokutshaja lixhomekeke kuhlobo lwetshaja (AC okanye DC), umthamo webhetri, kunye nemeko yayo yangoku yokutshaja.
Unxibelelwano phakathi kweSithuthi kunye neTshaja: Njengoko isithuthi sihlawulisa, isikhululo sokutshaja sihlala sinxibelelana neenkqubo zesithuthi esisebhodini ukulungelelanisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yebhetri, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo yokhuseleko iyalandelwa.
Ukupheliswa kunye nokuqhawula: Emva kokuba ibhetri ifikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo lentlawulo okanye ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo, inkqubo yokutshaja iyanqanyulwa ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye inkqubo ikhupha ngokukhuselekileyo itshaja kwisithuthi.
Kutheni Ukuqonda Ukutshaja kwe-EV kubalulekile
Ukuqonda ukuba izikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV zisebenza njani kunokunceda abasebenzisi benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokuba babiza phi kwaye njani izithuthi zabo zombane. Nokuba ucinga ngokufaka isikhululo sokutshaja ekhaya okanye ukhetha isikhululo sokutshaja sikawonke-wonke, ukwazi umahluko phakathi kokutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC, kunye nokuba ziwachaphazela njani amaxesha okutshaja kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, kubalulekile.
Njengoko izithuthi zombane ziba yinto eqhelekileyo, ukuqonda umgaqo wokusebenza wezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV kubaluleke kakhulu. Nokuba ungumnini omtsha we-EV okanye umntu ojonge ukufaka isikhululo sokutshaja, ukwazi umahluko phakathi kokutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC, kunye nemigaqo yonxibelelwano esetyenzisiweyo, kuya kukunceda wenze izigqibo ezikrelekrele. Ukuba ujonge izisombululo zokutshaja ze-EV ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo, cinga ngokujonga iinketho ezikhoyo kwindawo yakho.
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nesikhokelo sobuchwephesha malunga nokuseta izikhululo zokutshaja okanye ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nobuchwephesha be-EV, fikelelaWorkersbee, apho sizimisele ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiimfuno zakho zokutshaja isithuthi sombane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-28-2025